Oil filter



April 13, 1937. R. N. B URCKHALTER 2,076,934

OIL FILTER Filed Aug. 5, 193.4 3 Seets-S'h'eet-l 43 K0 46 50 Q y. 47 4Q I Mw@ 5MM/La@ ma V( j., WWS' April, 13, 1937. R. N. BURCKHALTER OIL FILTER l Filed Aug. 3, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 2l MW M Aprily 13, 1937- R. N. BURCKHALTER I 2,076,934

A OIL FILTER Filed Aug. 3, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 13, 1937 PATENT ori-ICE lour. mma

Robert Nash Burckhalter, Michigan City, Ind., assignor to Michiana Products Corporation, Michigan City, Ind., a corporation of Indiana Application August 3, 1934, Serial No. 738,305

s claims.

This invention relates to iilters, and has for its principal object' to provide a simple and cheap construction vaffording generous surface area and thickness of filtering material in a -small casing that can be readily installed, in

various lubricating systems of automotive engines, and can be easily replaced with a new one after a suitable tour of service.

The gist of the invention, however, may be applied to other uses and the ltration of liquids in general.

Fig. 1 is a lengthwise section through one embodiment of the invention; 1

Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, are diagrammatic views illustrating how the lter shown in Fig. 1 may be installed in a lubricating system of an engine;

Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line .E-B of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a blank;

Fig.` 8 is a plan view of a tube vmade by rolling the blank of Fig. 7; l p

Fig. 9 is a cross section taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a perspective View of a portion of one of the disks or heads used in makingthe lter of Fig. 1; y

Fig. 11 is a lengthwise section through another form of iilter including a base adapted. to be bolted to the engine casing;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on the line I2-I2 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of an alternative y form of base, and portionsof the iilter and engine casing;

Fig. 14 is an inverted plan view of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a lengthwise section of a simplified form of filter.

Figs. 16 and 17 are diagrams indicating'how the filter of Fig. 15 may be installed on an lengine. i

These several forms are -used to illustrate how the invention may be applied but are not intended to indicate the scope of the claims.

The lter shown in Fig. 1 is contained within a cylindrical barrel or casing composed of like sections I0, II, telescoped and sweated together 'at I2, one wall being offset at I3 for that purpose.

The ends I4 and I5 of the casing are spherical or dome shaped, formed up flat at I6 and Il to receive nipples I8, I9 and 20, which are creceived in and sweated to flanged seats 2|, 22

and 23 respectively. f

The easing containsjwo separate lter elements 24 and 25, lling the entire cross section (Cl. 21o-134) of the end portions, and conned between perforated disks or 'heads 26, 21, 28 and 29, arranged crosswise to the casing and extending from its outer wall to a central tube 30, running practi-l cally from one Aend to the other of the casing. 5

The heads 26 and 29 are located at about the junction between the cylindrical wall and the respective dome shaped heads I4 and I5, and with those heads form end chambers or vestibules 3l and 32, serving to distribute or collect oil 10 depending upon how the lter is connected in the system. y

The heads 21 and 28, at adjacent ends of the two hlter elements 24 and 25, are spaced apart to form an intermediate or middle chamber 33, 15

which also serves to collect or distribute oil, according to the way the lter is connected in the system.

'I'he tube 30 has ahole 34 in communication' with the chamber 33 and to which'is soldered 20 y the curved end portion 35 of a smaller tube 36, the opposite end of which is sweatedintc the flange 31 of the nipple 2l). .C

Fig. 2 shows the iilter of Fig. 1 with the nipple I8 a's an inlet and the nipple 2liA as an out- 25 let, the nipple I9 being plugged. In that case Qil enters chamber 3l, at the top of Fig. 1, and divides into two streams; one distributed through the perforations in the head 26, passes through thelter element 24 to the chamber 33, thence 30 through the hole 34 a'nd the tube V36 to the nipple 20; the otherstream passes from the chamber 3l down through the tube 30 to the chamber` 32 where it is distributed through the perforations in the head 29 and passes through the 35 i ber 33, where it divides; one part passing through 45 y the lter element 24 to the chamber 3|, thence through the tube 30 to the chamber 32, where it joins the other stream, which has in the meantime passed from the chamber 33 through the element 25 `to the chamber 32 andthe joined 50 streams escape through the nipple I9.

Fig. 5 shows nipple I9 as the inlet and nipple 20 as the outlet and the ow is substantially the reverse of that described in connection with Fig. 4.- 55

This has the advantage that instructions toy always connect the center nipple and one of the others will be fool-proof.

T he ydivision of the liquid into two streams through separate and independent filter elements allows the speed to b`e cut in half and, in eiect, doubles the capacity of the lter.

In this illustration of Fig. 1 the sections II)v and II of the casing are made of 22 gauge sheet steel l5/8f outside diameter and 45%" long, and they are telescoped for 1%. The tube 30 is made of 26 gauge sheet steel and is 7H from the tip of one beveled end 39 to the other, the beveled ends insuring clearance for free oil flow.

The heads 26, 21, 28, 29, are of 26 gauge sheet steel with $4," holes and are 3%" in diameter. They are provided (or the heads 21, 28, at least) with three notches to pass over ribs 4I on the tube 30, which are about 115 in height and in length, spaced 120 apart. The heads 21 and 28 are also provided With depressions 42 to bear against the ends of the ribs 4I when assembled, as shown in Fig. 1.

The tube 36 is of copper $4," outside diameter,

the nipples are of brass and have pipe threads.

The filter elements 24 and 25 are composed of shredded cotton, wool, a mixture of wool and cotton, .or cattle hair and cotton, or cattle hair and asbestos ber, 'or cotton and mineralwool, or various other fibrous materials that will be selected according to the particular filtration to be done. The density will be about right for lubricating oil used in automotive engines when the heads are assembled with enough pressure to develop a small amount of resiliency in the filtering material.

Preferably the limiting restriction in the system will be on the outlet side of the lter to' protect it againstclogging, but it may in some instances be on the inlet side of the lter.

When it is desired to have a bypass across the filter shown in Fig. 1, that may be accomplished by the simple attachment shown at the bottom of Fig. 1. and in section in Fig.`6. -A bypass casing 43 is provided with two similar transverse bores 44 and 45, adapted to receive threaded fittings 46 which, being screwed into the nipples I9 and 20, clamp the casing in place and put pressure on the gaskets 41 and 48 to seal the respective joints. The, ttings 46 have longitudinal bores threaded at 49 to function as nipple connections, and also transverse bores 50 communicating with a bypass bore 5I, controlled by a ball valve 52, held Aseated by a spring' 53 compressed by a cap 54. The pressure of the 4spring will determine the pressure differential on the. filter elements, and the material described will stand a highpressureas compared with ordinary felt filters and ilannel ilters.

The bypass provided by this attachment will function the same in any of the connections described.

When it is desired to mount the iilter on a base adapted to be bolted to an engine casing, or the like, constructions similar to those illustrated in Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 may be used.

In this instance the casing sections 55 and 56 the central tube 51, the perforated heads 58, 59, 68, 6I, and the curved tube 62 are quite similar to those shown in Fig. 1, except the proportions have been altered, and the nipples I8, I9 and 20 havebeen replaced by a single large nipple 63, sweated in a seat 64 in the casing section 56 and having a flange 65' sweated to the end of vthe tube 62.

On the lower side of the nipple 63 there is a hollow screw threaded stud 6 6 adapted to be threaded into a corresponding opening 61 in a bracket 68, having an angular passage 69, one portion of which is aligned with the bore of the stud 66. The bracket also has an angular passage 10,-one portion of which lies alongside the stud 66 and communicates with an annular groove 1I on the bearing face of the nipple 63 and a hole 12 leading through the nipple into the i'llter casing.

The bracket has a flange 13 Amachined to t against a pad 14 on the engine casing and be held in place by bolts 15, the joint being sealed by a gasket 16. 'I'he lter is asmbled with the bracket by threading the stud 66 into' the opening 61 of the bracket until sealing pressure'is put on a gasket 11, which has arcuate slots 18, one or similar parts and 86, telescoped and sweated together at 81. Theheads 88, 89, and 9|, and the tube 92, correspond to the similar parts shown in Fig. 1, except that there is no hole corresponding to that shown at 34 in Fig. l.

y A single nipple .93 is fitted in one end 94 oi the casing and another Anipple 95 is fitted in the side and communicates with an intermediate chamber 96 between the heads 89 and 90.' There are two illter elements 91-'and 98, corresponding to those shown at 24 and 25 in Fig. l. This produces an extremely simple construction that will give ample ltration for many conditions. It may be connected with either nipple as an inlet and the other as an outlet, as illustrated diagrammatically in Figs.' 16 and 17.

A single clamp, beneath the side nipple 95, as shown, makes a very secure mounting. The fibrous materialI forming the iilter elements, is in loose, open condition,1eadily permeated by the oil. Fine solid matter, such as colloidal carbon, enters the mass and, after extended use, passes out with the oil, which marks the end of service and the need of replacement.

A'I'he 11g" restriction opening isl made a part of the stud 66 in Fig. 1l, and might be in one nipple of each form. A

All of the perforated heads or disks are shown with notches 40 and depressions 42 to make them usable in any position for convenience in assembling. That operation is somewhat a matter of choice. With the form shown in Fig. 1 that procedure may be as follows:

Secure the lower end of the tube 36 to the ange 31, as by sweating or spinning and sweating, solder the curved end 35 in the hole 34 of the tube 30, insert the head 29 in the section II and over the -tube 38, iill in the brous material forming the lter element 25, distributing it :lov

i uniformly. Put the head 28 on the tube 30 with the notches 40 aligned with the ribs 4|, push it dovn below the position shownin Fig. Land rotate it to bring the depressions 42 in line with the ribs 4I and release it. The pressure will be about right with shredded cotton, which is the preferred material, when there is suflicient resiliency to hold the head in the position lshown in Fig. 1.

Bring the head 21 in the. position shown'in Fig. 1, insert the head 26 in the section I0 and enter the upper end of the tube 30 at the central opening of the head 26 just a little way, tilt the section I0 towards the left in Fig. 1, and insert the brous material forming the filter element 24, distributing it uniformly. Bring the section I0 to the position shown in Fig. 1 and sweat the two sections together at I2.

The form shown in this Fig. 1 is a little longer than is necessary. Approximately two inch depth of filter material, particularly shredded cotton, is sufcient for a long period of service.

'Ihe form shown in Fig. 11, which 'is much l smaller than that shown in Fig. 1, has been found satisfactory for engines where the ilow of oil is not great.

The form shown in Fig. 15 is'about the sizeA best suited for the average small engine.

'I'he exact size will deper'i somewhat upon the conditions. As a general rule the best results will be had when the unit pressure is low yand the flow is-slow. In the form shown in Fig. 1 with the bypass set for a pressure differential of three and onehalf (3l/2) pounds per square inch is very satisfactory. A lower diierential would contribute to more thorough filtering. yA little cut and try'will indicate the proper relations, whether a bypass or a limiting restriction is used. f I claim as my invention- 1. An oil. lter comprising a casing having a pair of openings for the admission and discharge of oil, a pair of spaced apart ltering elements one within each end portion of the casing and being of. equal cross section therewith and spaced from the casing end, a tube connecting the .end spaces of the casing and a t smaller tube within said tubeA connecting one of the openings with the space between the filtering elements. l

- 2. In a lter, a supporting bracket having a bearing face for a casing and outlet 'and inlet ducts opening through such face, one thereof being central, a casing having a bearing plate for seating against the bracket face and provided with one hole alined with the central duct, a second vhole for communication with the companion bracket duct and an annular groove in the face of the plate crossing said last-named means for securing the bearing plate to the bracket.

V 3. vA iilter comprising a barrel, a filter element occupying each end portion and conned therehole, a filtering element within the casing andv to by perforatedl heads crosswise to the barrel,

other heads mounted on the tube, spaced apart by said enlargements and engaging the casing tocooperate with the end heads to' form filter chambers, the casing having an opening comvonthe tube adjacent the ends thereof and seated in and positioned by the dome-shaped end portions -of the casing, and other heads mounted on the tube, spaced apart by said enlargements and engaging the casing to cooperate with the end heads to form lter chambers, the casing having an opening communicating with the space between said chambers and anotheropening in one of the end portions. y

6.' A iilter comprising a barrel having a central 'opening and a lateral opening at one end and an opening at the other end, a lter element occupying each end portion of the barrel and coniined thereto by perforate heads cross- Wise of ,the barrel, the two adjacent being separated, means for directing ow through the filter .and the central openingand one of the selected other openings comprising a tube extending 4lengthwise to the barrel through the heads and .havinga lateral opening between those adjacent,

and a tube connecting said last named lateral opening with the end opening of the barrel, and a bypass across the filter connecting the central and lateral openings at one end.

'7. An oil lter comprising a cylindrical casing, a tube in the casing placing the end portions in communication and having enlargements labout its mid-portion, perforate heads mounted casing to cooperate with the end heads to form filter chambers, one end of the casing having a central opening communicating with 'the space between said chambers and having alateral opening, andthe other end of the casing havingan opening, and a bypass across the lter and connecting the central and lateralopening at one end. A Y

8. In a filter, a supporting bracket having a bearing face for a casing and outlet and inlet ducts opening through such face, one thereof being central, a casing having a bearing plate for seating against the bracket face and provided with one hole alined with the central'duct, a second'hole for communication withfthe companion bracket duct and an annular groove in the face of the platecrossing said last-named 9. In a illter, a supporting bracket having av bearing face for a casing and outlet and inlet ducts opening through such face, one thereof being central, a casing having a bearing plate for seating against the bracket face and provided with one hole alined with the central duct, a

second'hole for communication with the companion bracket duct and an annular groove in the face of the plate crossing said last-named hole, a tube in the casing placing the end portions in communication and having enlargements about its mid-portion, perforate heads mounted on the tube adjacent the end portions of the casing, and other heads mounted on the tube, spaced apart by said enlargements and engaging the casing to cooperate with the end heads to form lter chambers. a iiltering element within each filter chamber, and means for securing the bearing plate to the bracket, the casing having an opening communicating with the space between said lter chambers and another openingV in one of the end 5 portions.

ROBERT NASH BURCKHALTER. 

